Esc. Sec. Gral. No. 110
“Nicolás Bravo”
“Nicolás Bravo”
Members: Fabricio Rodríguez Martínez N.L. 27 Alberto Romero Garnica N.L. 29 Brandon Ramos Pahu N.L. 22 Ricardo Reyes Hernández N.L. 23Jorge Melo Romero N.L. 18 Ernesto López Ramírez N.L. 16 Jorge Eduardo Reyes Pérez N.L. 24
"Transformations of water in my neighborhood" Objective: To propose the networks in sewers to prevent flooding in my neighborhood so trash does not disappear down the drain.
What pollutes water?
- .- Pathogens Bacteria, viruses, protozoa, parasites that enter the water from organic waste. - Wastes that require oxygen .- The organic waste can be decomposed by bacteria that use oxygen to biodegrade. If there are large populations of these bacteria can deplete oxygen in the water, killing aquatic life forms. - Inorganic Chemicals .- acids, compounds of toxic metals (mercury, lead), poison the water. - The plant nutrients can cause excessive growth of aquatic plants that then die and decompose, depleting oxygen from the water and thus cause the death of marine species (dead zone). - .- Oil organic chemicals, plastics, pesticides, detergents life-threatening. - Sediments or suspended matter .- insoluble soil particles that cloud the water, and are a major source of pollution. - Radioactive substances that can cause birth defects and cancer. - Heat .- Revenues of hot water decrease the oxygen content and water bodies makes them very vulnerable.
THERMAL POLLUTION OF RIVERS AND STREAMS LAKES
OCEAN POLLUTION
The ocean is now the "dustbin of the world", which will bring adverse effects in the future.
Most of the world's coastal areas are polluted mainly due to discharges of sewage, chemicals, trash, radioactive waste, oil and sediment. The most polluted seas are Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand and the Philippines.
Dolphins, sea lions and sea turtles die when they eat or trapped by cups, bags, ropes and other plastic garbage thrown into the sea.
OIL CONTAMINATION
Accidents involving ship-tanks, leaks in the sea (oil escaping from a hole drilled into the seabed), and petroleum waste dumped on land which ends in streams that flow into the sea.
The effects of petroleum contamination depends on several factors, types of oil (crude or refined), quantity released, release site distance from the beach, season, water temperature, climate and ocean currents. The oil reaches the sea evaporates or is slowly broken down by bacteria. Volatile organic hydrocarbons in oil immediately kill several animals, especially in their larval forms.
Other chemicals remain on the surface and floating bubbles that cover the feathers of birds that dive, which destroys the natural insulation and causes it to sink and die. Heavy oil components that are deposited into the sea can kill animals that live in the depths as crabs, oysters, etc., Or make them unsuitable for human consumption. Prevention Methods: - Use less oil and waste. - Collect used oil in cars and reprocessed for reuse. - Prohibit the transport of oil drilling in ecologically sensitive areas and near them. - Increase high degree of financial responsibility of oil companies to clean up oil spills. - Require oil companies to test their employees routinely. - Regulate strict safety procedures and operation of refineries and plants.
Cleaning methods:
- Treat oil spill dispersant chemicals sprayed from aircraft. - Using helicopter laser to burn the volatile components of oil. - Use mechanical barriers to prevent oil reaching the shore. - Pump the oil mixture - water small boats called "skimmers", where special machines separate oil and pump water to storage tanks first. - Increase the government's investigation into the oil companies on methods to contain and clean up oil spills.
- Use and waste less electricity. - Limit the number of power plants that discharge warm water into the same body of water. - Provide hot water at a point far from the beach area ecologically vulnerable. - Use cooling tower to transfer heat from water to the atmosphere. - Download the hot water in ponds to cool and be reused. The method used to cool steam thermal power plants is to pull cold water from a nearby body of surface water, pass it through the condenser of the plant and return it heated to the same body of water. High temperatures reduce dissolved oxygen in the water. The fish adapted to a particular temperature can die from heat shock (change in temperature of the water).
The counterpart of thermal pollution is the thermal enrichment, ie the use of hot water to produce long seasons of commercial fishing, and reduction of ice cover in cold areas, heating buildings, etc..
THERMAL REDUCTION OF WATER POLLUTION
SURFACE WATER POLLUTION AND CONTROL
Surface water and groundwater is a vital source of water for drinking and irrigation. However, it is easy to exhaust because it is renewed very slowly. When water becomes contaminated groundwater can not purify itself, as it tends to surface water because surface water flows are slow. There is also little degrading bacteria, because there is not much oxygen.
Surface water and groundwater is a vital source of water for drinking and irrigation. However, it is easy to exhaust because it is renewed very slowly. When water becomes contaminated groundwater can not purify itself, as it tends to surface water because surface water flows are slow. There is also little degrading bacteria, because there is not much oxygen.
How to prevent water pollution
Pollution prevention or pollution control input is a production solution, which reduces or eliminates the production of pollutants, often changing chemicals or processes using less harmful
The cleanup of contamination is to remove contaminants after the occurrence of a pollution incident. However, environmental experts have identified three major weaknesses in reference to cleaning up pollution.
is often only a temporary fix if the levels of population and consumption continue to increase and no improvement with this technology for pollution control. For example, by adding catalytic converters in cars reduce air pollution, but the increase in the number of cars and the total distance of routes has reduced the effectiveness of this cleaning method
What is water pollution?
Water pollution is any chemical change, physical or biological quality of water that has a harmful effect on any living being who consume that water. When humans drink polluted water often have health problems. Water pollution can also make it unsuitable for a desired use. What are the biggest polluters of water? There are several kinds of water pollutants. The first are disease-causing agents. These are bacteria, viruses, protozoa and parasitic worms that are incorporated from sewage systems and untreated sewage. A second category of water pollutants are oxygen-consuming agents, wastes can be decomposed by oxygen-consuming bacteria. When bacterial populations are large waste decomposition takes place and can deplete oxygen consuming dissolved oxygen in the water. Where does water pollution? Water pollution is usually caused by human activities. Different human sources add pollutants to water. There are two kinds of sources, point sources and diffuse sources. Point sources discharge pollutants at specific locations through pipelines or sewers into surface water. Diffuse pollution sources are sources that can not be located in one download site. Examples of point sources are: factories, sewage treatment, underground mines, oil wells, oil tankers, etc. Examples of diffuse pollution sources are: acid deposition, air, traffic, pollutants that are transported through rivers and pollutants that enter the water through the groundwater.
How do we detect water pollution? Water pollution is detected in laboratories, where small water samples are analyzed for different types of pollutants.
Living organisms such as fish can also be used to detect water pollution. Changes in growth behavior or show us that the water in which they live is contaminated. The specific characteristics of these organisms can provide information about the kind of contamination in the environment.
The laboratories also use computer models to determine what hazards may be present in certain waters. Important are the data we have and are stored on the computer on the water, so the computer will then determine if the water has impurities. What is heat pollution, what causes it and what are the dangers? In most industrial processes generate heat that is released into the environment because it is a waste heat.
The cheapest way to do this is by passing it through the floor, turn it over to the mass of the nearest surface water.
Rivers, lakes and seas pick up, since time immemorial, the wastes produced by human activity. The natural water cycle has a great capacity for purification. But this same water reclamation facility, and its apparent abundance, makes it the usual dumping ground where we throw the waste produced by our activities. Pesticides, chemical wastes, heavy metals, radioactive waste, etc., Are, in greater or lesser amounts, to analyze the waters of the most remote corners of the world. Many waters are polluted to the point of making them dangerous for human health and harmful to life. The degradation of water comes from ancient and in some places, like the mouth of the Nile, there are high levels of pollution for centuries, but has been in this century that this problem has spread to rivers and oceans around the world. First it was the river, port areas of large cities and industrial zones which became dirty sewage, heavy chemicals, foam and all types of pollutants. With industrialization and economic development problem has been shifting to developing countries, while developed countries produce significant improvements. No doubt one of the biggest problems facing many people today (whether developed or undeveloped, although it is true that I never liked this term) is water pollution.
Pollution prevention or pollution control input is a production solution, which reduces or eliminates the production of pollutants, often changing chemicals or processes using less harmful
The cleanup of contamination is to remove contaminants after the occurrence of a pollution incident. However, environmental experts have identified three major weaknesses in reference to cleaning up pollution.
is often only a temporary fix if the levels of population and consumption continue to increase and no improvement with this technology for pollution control. For example, by adding catalytic converters in cars reduce air pollution, but the increase in the number of cars and the total distance of routes has reduced the effectiveness of this cleaning method
What is water pollution?
Water pollution is any chemical change, physical or biological quality of water that has a harmful effect on any living being who consume that water. When humans drink polluted water often have health problems. Water pollution can also make it unsuitable for a desired use. What are the biggest polluters of water? There are several kinds of water pollutants. The first are disease-causing agents. These are bacteria, viruses, protozoa and parasitic worms that are incorporated from sewage systems and untreated sewage. A second category of water pollutants are oxygen-consuming agents, wastes can be decomposed by oxygen-consuming bacteria. When bacterial populations are large waste decomposition takes place and can deplete oxygen consuming dissolved oxygen in the water. Where does water pollution? Water pollution is usually caused by human activities. Different human sources add pollutants to water. There are two kinds of sources, point sources and diffuse sources. Point sources discharge pollutants at specific locations through pipelines or sewers into surface water. Diffuse pollution sources are sources that can not be located in one download site. Examples of point sources are: factories, sewage treatment, underground mines, oil wells, oil tankers, etc. Examples of diffuse pollution sources are: acid deposition, air, traffic, pollutants that are transported through rivers and pollutants that enter the water through the groundwater.
How do we detect water pollution? Water pollution is detected in laboratories, where small water samples are analyzed for different types of pollutants.
Living organisms such as fish can also be used to detect water pollution. Changes in growth behavior or show us that the water in which they live is contaminated. The specific characteristics of these organisms can provide information about the kind of contamination in the environment.
The laboratories also use computer models to determine what hazards may be present in certain waters. Important are the data we have and are stored on the computer on the water, so the computer will then determine if the water has impurities. What is heat pollution, what causes it and what are the dangers? In most industrial processes generate heat that is released into the environment because it is a waste heat.
The cheapest way to do this is by passing it through the floor, turn it over to the mass of the nearest surface water.
Rivers, lakes and seas pick up, since time immemorial, the wastes produced by human activity. The natural water cycle has a great capacity for purification. But this same water reclamation facility, and its apparent abundance, makes it the usual dumping ground where we throw the waste produced by our activities. Pesticides, chemical wastes, heavy metals, radioactive waste, etc., Are, in greater or lesser amounts, to analyze the waters of the most remote corners of the world. Many waters are polluted to the point of making them dangerous for human health and harmful to life. The degradation of water comes from ancient and in some places, like the mouth of the Nile, there are high levels of pollution for centuries, but has been in this century that this problem has spread to rivers and oceans around the world. First it was the river, port areas of large cities and industrial zones which became dirty sewage, heavy chemicals, foam and all types of pollutants. With industrialization and economic development problem has been shifting to developing countries, while developed countries produce significant improvements. No doubt one of the biggest problems facing many people today (whether developed or undeveloped, although it is true that I never liked this term) is water pollution.
